Formatted question description: https://leetcode.ca/all/824.html

824. Goat Latin (Easy)

A sentence S is given, composed of words separated by spaces. Each word consists of lowercase and uppercase letters only.

We would like to convert the sentence to “Goat Latin” (a made-up language similar to Pig Latin.)

The rules of Goat Latin are as follows:

If a word begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, or u), append "ma" to the end of the word.
For example, the word ‘apple’ becomes ‘applema’.
If a word begins with a consonant (i.e. not a vowel), remove the first letter and append it to the end, then add "ma".
For example, the word "goat" becomes "oatgma".
Add one letter 'a' to the end of each word per its word index in the sentence, starting with 1.
For example, the first word gets "a" added to the end, the second word gets "aa" added to the end and so on.

Return the final sentence representing the conversion from S to Goat Latin.

Example 1:

Input: “I speak Goat Latin”
Output: “Imaa peaksmaaa oatGmaaaa atinLmaaaaa”

Example 2:

Input: “The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog”
Output: “heTmaa uickqmaaa rownbmaaaa oxfmaaaaa umpedjmaaaaaa overmaaaaaaa hetmaaaaaaaa azylmaaaaaaaaa ogdmaaaaaaaaaa”

Notes:

S contains only uppercase, lowercase and spaces. Exactly one space between each word.
1 <= S.length <= 150.

Solution 1.

class Solution {
    public String toGoatLatin(String S) {
        String[] array = S.split(" ");
        int length = array.length;
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            String str = array[i];
            if (beginWithVowel(str))
                str += "ma";
            else
                str = str.substring(1) + str.charAt(0) + "ma";
            for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++)
                str += "a";
            array[i] = str;
        }
        String goatLatin = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i > 0)
                goatLatin += " ";
            goatLatin += array[i];
        }
        return goatLatin;
    }

    public boolean beginWithVowel(String str) {
        char firstChar = str.charAt(0);
        return firstChar == 'A' || firstChar == 'E' || firstChar == 'I' || firstChar == 'O' || firstChar == 'U' || firstChar == 'a' || firstChar == 'e' || firstChar == 'i' || firstChar == 'o' || firstChar == 'u';
    }
}

############

class Solution {
    public String toGoatLatin(String sentence) {
        List<String> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        Set<Character> vowels
            = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U'));
        int i = 1;
        for (String word : sentence.split(" ")) {
            StringBuilder t = new StringBuilder();
            if (!vowels.contains(word.charAt(0))) {
                t.append(word.substring(1));
                t.append(word.charAt(0));
            } else {
                t.append(word);
            }
            t.append("ma");
            for (int j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
                t.append("a");
            }
            ++i;
            ans.add(t.toString());
        }
        return String.join(" ", ans);
    }
}

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/goat-latin/
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(W) where W is max word length
class Solution {
private:
    bool isVowel(char c) {
        c = tolower(c);
        return c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u';
    }
public:
    string toGoatLatin(string S) {
        istringstream ss(S);
        string word, ans;
        string suffix = "a";
        while (ss >> word) {
            if (!isVowel(word[0])) rotate(word.begin(), word.begin() + 1, word.end());
            ans += (suffix.size() > 1 ? " " : "") + word + "ma" + suffix;
            suffix += "a";
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

class Solution:
    def toGoatLatin(self, sentence: str) -> str:
        ans = []
        for i, word in enumerate(sentence.split()):
            if word.lower()[0] not in ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']:
                word = word[1:] + word[0]
            word += 'ma'
            word += 'a' * (i + 1)
            ans.append(word)
        return ' '.join(ans)

############

class Solution:
    def toGoatLatin(self, S):
        """
        :type S: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        vowels = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U']
        words = S.split(' ')
        new_words = []
        for i, word in enumerate(words):
            if word[0] in vowels:
                word += 'ma'
            else:
                word = word[1:] + word[0] + 'ma'
            word += 'a' * (i + 1)
            new_words.append(word)
        return ' '.join(new_words)

function toGoatLatin(sentence: string): string {
    return sentence
        .split(' ')
        .map((s, i) => {
            let startStr: string;
            if (/[aeiou]/i.test(s[0])) {
                startStr = s;
            } else {
                startStr = s.slice(1) + s[0];
            }
            return `${startStr}ma${'a'.repeat(i + 1)}`;
        })
        .join(' ');
}

use std::collections::HashSet;
impl Solution {
    pub fn to_goat_latin(sentence: String) -> String {
        let set: HashSet<&char> = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'].into_iter().collect();
        sentence
            .split_whitespace()
            .enumerate()
            .map(|(i, s)| {
                let first = char::from(s.as_bytes()[0]);
                let mut res = if set.contains(&first.to_ascii_lowercase()) {
                    s.to_string()
                } else {
                    s[1..].to_string() + &first.to_string()
                };
                res.push_str("ma");
                res.push_str(&"a".repeat(i + 1));
                res
            })
            .into_iter()
            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
            .join(" ")
    }
}

824 - Goat Latin

824. Goat Latin (Easy)

Solution 1.

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824. Goat Latin (Easy)

Solution 1.

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