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Formatted question description: https://leetcode.ca/all/1392.html

1392. Longest Happy Prefix (Hard)

A string is called a happy prefix if is a non-empty prefix which is also a suffix (excluding itself).

Given a string s. Return the longest happy prefix of s .

Return an empty string if no such prefix exists.

 

Example 1:

Input: s = "level"
Output: "l"
Explanation: s contains 4 prefix excluding itself ("l", "le", "lev", "leve"), and suffix ("l", "el", "vel", "evel"). The largest prefix which is also suffix is given by "l".

Example 2:

Input: s = "ababab"
Output: "abab"
Explanation: "abab" is the largest prefix which is also suffix. They can overlap in the original string.

Example 3:

Input: s = "leetcodeleet"
Output: "leet"

Example 4:

Input: s = "a"
Output: ""

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= s.length <= 10^5
  • s contains only lowercase English letters.

Related Topics:
String

Solution 1. Brute Force with string_view

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-happy-prefix/
// Time: O(N^2)
// Space: O(1)
class Solution {
public:
        string longestPrefix(string s) {
        int n = s.size();
        string_view sv = s;
        for(int len = n-1; len>=1; len--){
            if (sv.substr(0, len) == sv.substr(n-len))
                return s.substr(0, len);
        }
        return "";
    }
};

Solution 2. Rolling Hash

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-happy-prefix/
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(1)
// Ref: https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-happy-prefix/discuss/547446/C%2B%2BJava-with-picture-incremental-hash-and-DP
class Solution {
    typedef unsigned long long ULL;
public:
    string longestPrefix(string s) {
        ULL N = s.size(), len = 0, mod = 1e9+7, L = 0 , R = 0, mul = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < N - 1; ++i) {
            L = (L * 26 + s[i] - 'a') % mod;
            R = (R + mul * (s[N - 1 - i] - 'a')) % mod;
            if (L == R) len = i + 1;
            mul = mul * 26 % mod;
        }
        return s.substr(0, len);
    }
};

Java

  • class Solution {
    public String longestPrefix(String s) {
        if (s == null)
            return s;
        int length = s.length();
        if (length <= 1)
            return "";
        int[] prefix = prefix(s);
        return s.substring(0, prefix[length - 1] + 1);
    }

    public int[] prefix(String str) {
        int length = str.length();
        int[] prefix = new int[length];
        Arrays.fill(prefix, -1);
        int index = -1;
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            while (index >= 0 && str.charAt(index + 1) != str.charAt(i))
                index = prefix[index];
            if (str.charAt(index + 1) == str.charAt(i))
                index++;
            prefix[i] = index;
        }
        return prefix;
    }
}

  • // OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-happy-prefix/
// Time: O(N^2)
// Space: O(1)
class Solution {
public:
        string longestPrefix(string s) {
        int n = s.size();
        string_view sv = s;
        for(int len = n-1; len>=1; len--){
            if (sv.substr(0, len) == sv.substr(n-len))
                return s.substr(0, len);
        }
        return "";
    }
};

  • class Solution:
    def longestPrefix(self, s: str) -> str:
        for i in range(1, len(s)):
            if s[:-i] == s[i:]:
                return s[i:]
        return ''

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