Formatted question description: https://leetcode.ca/all/983.html

983. Minimum Cost For Tickets (Medium)

In a country popular for train travel, you have planned some train travelling one year in advance. The days of the year that you will travel is given as an array days. Each day is an integer from 1 to 365.

Train tickets are sold in 3 different ways:

a 1-day pass is sold for costs[0] dollars;
a 7-day pass is sold for costs[1] dollars;
a 30-day pass is sold for costs[2] dollars.

The passes allow that many days of consecutive travel. For example, if we get a 7-day pass on day 2, then we can travel for 7 days: day 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.

Return the minimum number of dollars you need to travel every day in the given list of days.

Example 1:

Input: days = [1,4,6,7,8,20], costs = [2,7,15]
Output: 11
Explanation: 
For example, here is one way to buy passes that lets you travel your travel plan:
On day 1, you bought a 1-day pass for costs[0] = $2, which covered day 1.
On day 3, you bought a 7-day pass for costs[1] = $7, which covered days 3, 4, ..., 9.
On day 20, you bought a 1-day pass for costs[0] = $2, which covered day 20.
In total you spent $11 and covered all the days of your travel.

Example 2:

Input: days = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,30,31], costs = [2,7,15]
Output: 17
Explanation: 
For example, here is one way to buy passes that lets you travel your travel plan:
On day 1, you bought a 30-day pass for costs[2] = $15 which covered days 1, 2, ..., 30.
On day 31, you bought a 1-day pass for costs[0] = $2 which covered day 31.
In total you spent $17 and covered all the days of your travel.

Note:

1 <= days.length <= 365
1 <= days[i] <= 365
days is in strictly increasing order.
costs.length == 3
1 <= costs[i] <= 1000

Related Topics:
Dynamic Programming

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Solution 1. DP Top-down

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-cost-for-tickets/
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(N)
class Solution {
    vector<int> m;
    int dp(vector<int> &days, vector<int>& costs, int i) {
        int N = days.size();
        if (i == N) return 0;
        if (m[i] != INT_MAX) return m[i];
        int ans = dp(days, costs, i + 1) + costs[0], j = i;
        while (j < N && days[j] < days[i] + 7) ++j;
        ans = min(ans, dp(days, costs, j) + costs[1]);
        while (j < N && days[j] < days[i] + 30) ++j;
        ans = min(ans, dp(days, costs, j) + costs[2]);
        return m[i] = ans;
    }
public:
    int mincostTickets(vector<int>& days, vector<int>& costs) {
        m.assign(days.size(), INT_MAX);
        return dp(days, costs, 0);
    }
};

Solution 2. DP Bottom-up

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-cost-for-tickets/
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(N)
class Solution {
public:
    int mincostTickets(vector<int>& days, vector<int>& costs) {
        int N = days.size();
        vector<int> dp(N + 1);
        for (int i = N - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            dp[i] = min({ dp[i + 1] + costs[0],
                          dp[lower_bound(begin(days) + i, end(days), days[i] + 7) - begin(days)] + costs[1],
                          dp[lower_bound(begin(days) + i, end(days), days[i] + 30) - begin(days)] + costs[2] });
        }
        return dp[0];
    }
};

Another version which is from left to right and push the data to the next state.

class Solution {
public:
    int mincostTickets(vector<int>& days, vector<int>& costs) {
        int N = days.size();
        vector<int> dp(N + 1, INT_MAX);
        dp[0] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            dp[i + 1] = min(dp[i + 1], dp[i] + costs[0]);
            for (int j = 1; j < 3; ++j) {
                int d = j == 1 ? 7 : 30;
                int k = lower_bound(begin(days), end(days), days[i] + d) - begin(days);
                dp[k] = min(dp[k], dp[i] + costs[j]);
            }
        }
        return dp[N];
    }
};

class Solution {
    public int mincostTickets(int[] days, int[] costs) {
        int[] intervals = {1, 7, 30};
        int length = days.length;
        int minDay = days[0], maxDay = days[length - 1];
        Set<Integer> daysSet = new HashSet<Integer>();
        for (int day : days)
            daysSet.add(day);
        int[][] dp = new int[maxDay + 1][4];
        for (int i = minDay; i <= maxDay; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
                dp[i][j] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        }
        for (int i = minDay; i <= maxDay; i++) {
            int prevMin = min(dp[i - 1]);
            if (daysSet.contains(i)) {
                for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
                    int intervalEnd = Math.min(i + intervals[j] - 1, maxDay);
                    int totalCost = prevMin + costs[j];
                    dp[i][j] = totalCost;
                    for (int k = i + 1; k <= intervalEnd; k++)
                        dp[k][3] = Math.min(dp[k][3], totalCost);
                }
            } else {
                for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
                    dp[i][j] = prevMin + costs[j];
                dp[i][3] = Math.min(dp[i][3], prevMin);
            }
        }
        return min(dp[maxDay]);
    }

    public int min(int[] array) {
        int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        for (int num : array)
            min = Math.min(min, num);
        return min;
    }
}

############

class Solution {
    private static final int[] T = new int[] {1, 7, 30};
    private int[] costs;
    private int[] days;
    private int[] f;
    private int n;

    public int mincostTickets(int[] days, int[] costs) {
        n = days.length;
        f = new int[n];
        this.costs = costs;
        this.days = days;
        Arrays.fill(f, -1);
        return dfs(0);
    }

    private int dfs(int i) {
        if (i >= n) {
            return 0;
        }
        if (f[i] != -1) {
            return f[i];
        }
        int res = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

        for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k) {
            int j = lowerBound(days, days[i] + T[k]);
            res = Math.min(res, costs[k] + dfs(j));
        }
        f[i] = res;
        return res;
    }

    private int lowerBound(int[] days, int x) {
        int left = 0, right = days.length;
        while (left < right) {
            int mid = (left + right) >> 1;
            if (days[mid] >= x) {
                right = mid;
            } else {
                left = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return left;
    }
}

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-cost-for-tickets/
// Time: O(N)
// Space: O(N)
class Solution {
    vector<int> m;
    int dp(vector<int> &days, vector<int>& costs, int i) {
        int N = days.size();
        if (i == N) return 0;
        if (m[i] != INT_MAX) return m[i];
        int ans = dp(days, costs, i + 1) + costs[0], j = i;
        while (j < N && days[j] < days[i] + 7) ++j;
        ans = min(ans, dp(days, costs, j) + costs[1]);
        while (j < N && days[j] < days[i] + 30) ++j;
        ans = min(ans, dp(days, costs, j) + costs[2]);
        return m[i] = ans;
    }
public:
    int mincostTickets(vector<int>& days, vector<int>& costs) {
        m.assign(days.size(), INT_MAX);
        return dp(days, costs, 0);
    }
};

class Solution:
    def mincostTickets(self, days: List[int], costs: List[int]) -> int:
        @cache
        def dfs(i):
            if i >= len(days):
                return 0
            res = inf
            for c, d in zip(costs, [1, 7, 30]):
                j = bisect_left(days, days[i] + d)
                res = min(res, c + dfs(j))
            return res

        return dfs(0)

############

class Solution(object):
    def mincostTickets(self, days, costs):
        """
        :type days: List[int]
        :type costs: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        dp = [float("inf")] * 366
        for day in days:
            dp[day] = 0
        dp[0] = 0
        for i in range(1, 366):
            if dp[i] == float("inf"):
                dp[i] = dp[i - 1]
            else:
                cur = dp[i - 1] + costs[0]
                cur = min(dp[max(0, i - 7)] + costs[1], cur)
                cur = min(dp[max(0, i - 30)] + costs[2], cur)
                dp[i] = cur
        return dp[days[-1]]

func mincostTickets(days []int, costs []int) int {
	t := []int{1, 7, 30}
	n := len(days)
	f := make([]int, n)
	for i := range f {
		f[i] = -1
	}
	var dfs func(i int) int
	dfs = func(i int) int {
		if i >= n {
			return 0
		}
		if f[i] != -1 {
			return f[i]
		}
		res := 0x3f3f3f3f
		for k, c := range costs {
			j := lowerBound(days, days[i]+t[k])
			res = min(res, c+dfs(j))
		}
		f[i] = res
		return res
	}
	return dfs(0)
}

func lowerBound(arr []int, x int) int {
	left, right := 0, len(arr)
	for left < right {
		mid := (left + right) >> 1
		if arr[mid] >= x {
			right = mid
		} else {
			left = mid + 1
		}
	}
	return left
}

func min(a, b int) int {
	if a < b {
		return a
	}
	return b
}

function mincostTickets(days: number[], costs: number[]): number {
    const n = days.length,
        m = days[n - 1] + 1;
    const [a, b, c] = costs;
    let dp = new Array(m).fill(0);
    for (let i = 1; i < m; i++) {
        let x = days.includes(i) ? dp[i - 1] + a : dp[i - 1];
        let y = (i > 7 ? dp[i - 7] : dp[0]) + b;
        let z = (i > 30 ? dp[i - 30] : dp[0]) + c;
        dp[i] = Math.min(x, y, z);
    }
    return dp[m - 1];
}

983 - Minimum Cost For Tickets

983. Minimum Cost For Tickets (Medium)

Solution 1. DP Top-down

Solution 2. DP Bottom-up

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983. Minimum Cost For Tickets (Medium)

Solution 1. DP Top-down

Solution 2. DP Bottom-up

All Problems

All Solutions