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1898. Maximum Number of Removable Characters

Description

You are given two strings s and p where p is a subsequence of s. You are also given a distinct 0-indexed integer array removable containing a subset of indices of s (s is also 0-indexed).

You want to choose an integer k (0 <= k <= removable.length) such that, after removing k characters from s using the first k indices in removable, p is still a subsequence of s. More formally, you will mark the character at s[removable[i]] for each 0 <= i < k, then remove all marked characters and check if p is still a subsequence.

Return the maximum k you can choose such that p is still a subsequence of s after the removals.

A subsequence of a string is a new string generated from the original string with some characters (can be none) deleted without changing the relative order of the remaining characters.

 

Example 1:

Input: s = "abcacb", p = "ab", removable = [3,1,0]
Output: 2
Explanation: After removing the characters at indices 3 and 1, "abcacb" becomes "accb".
"ab" is a subsequence of "accb".
If we remove the characters at indices 3, 1, and 0, "abcacb" becomes "ccb", and "ab" is no longer a subsequence.
Hence, the maximum k is 2.

Example 2:

Input: s = "abcbddddd", p = "abcd", removable = [3,2,1,4,5,6]
Output: 1
Explanation: After removing the character at index 3, "abcbddddd" becomes "abcddddd".
"abcd" is a subsequence of "abcddddd".

Example 3:

Input: s = "abcab", p = "abc", removable = [0,1,2,3,4]
Output: 0
Explanation: If you remove the first index in the array removable, "abc" is no longer a subsequence.

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= p.length <= s.length <= 105
  • 0 <= removable.length < s.length
  • 0 <= removable[i] < s.length
  • p is a subsequence of s.
  • s and p both consist of lowercase English letters.
  • The elements in removable are distinct.

Solutions

Binary search.

Template 1:

boolean check(int x) {
}

int search(int left, int right) {
    while (left < right) {
        int mid = (left + right) >> 1;
        if (check(mid)) {
            right = mid;
        } else {
            left = mid + 1;
        }
    }
    return left;
}

Template 2:

boolean check(int x) {
}

int search(int left, int right) {
    while (left < right) {
        int mid = (left + right + 1) >> 1;
        if (check(mid)) {
            left = mid;
        } else {
            right = mid - 1;
        }
    }
    return left;
}

  • class Solution {
public:
    int maximumRemovals(string s, string p, vector<int>& removable) {
        int left = 0, right = removable.size();
        while (left < right) {
            int mid = left + right + 1 >> 1;
            if (check(s, p, removable, mid)) {
                left = mid;
            } else {
                right = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        return left;
    }

    bool check(string s, string p, vector<int>& removable, int mid) {
        int m = s.size(), n = p.size(), i = 0, j = 0;
        unordered_set<int> ids;
        for (int k = 0; k < mid; ++k) {
            ids.insert(removable[k]);
        }
        while (i < m && j < n) {
            if (ids.count(i) == 0 && s[i] == p[j]) {
                ++j;
            }
            ++i;
        }
        return j == n;
    }
};

  • class Solution:
    def maximumRemovals(self, s: str, p: str, removable: List[int]) -> int:
        def check(k):
            i = j = 0
            ids = set(removable[:k])
            while i < m and j < n:
                if i not in ids and s[i] == p[j]:
                    j += 1
                i += 1
            return j == n

        m, n = len(s), len(p)
        left, right = 0, len(removable)
        while left < right:
            mid = (left + right + 1) >> 1
            if check(mid):
                left = mid
            else:
                right = mid - 1
        return left


  • func maximumRemovals(s string, p string, removable []int) int {
	check := func(k int) bool {
		ids := make(map[int]bool)
		for _, r := range removable[:k] {
			ids[r] = true
		}
		var i, j int
		for i < len(s) && j < len(p) {
			if !ids[i] && s[i] == p[j] {
				j++
			}
			i++
		}
		return j == len(p)
	}

	left, right := 0, len(removable)
	for left < right {
		mid := (left + right + 1) >> 1
		if check(mid) {
			left = mid
		} else {
			right = mid - 1
		}
	}
	return left
}

  • function maximumRemovals(s: string, p: string, removable: number[]): number {
    let left = 0,
        right = removable.length;
    while (left < right) {
        let mid = (left + right + 1) >> 1;
        if (isSub(s, p, new Set(removable.slice(0, mid)))) {
            left = mid;
        } else {
            right = mid - 1;
        }
    }
    return left;
}

function isSub(str: string, sub: string, idxes: Set<number>): boolean {
    let m = str.length,
        n = sub.length;
    let i = 0,
        j = 0;
    while (i < m && j < n) {
        if (!idxes.has(i) && str.charAt(i) == sub.charAt(j)) {
            ++j;
        }
        ++i;
    }
    return j == n;
}


  • use std::collections::HashSet;

impl Solution {
    pub fn maximum_removals(s: String, p: String, removable: Vec<i32>) -> i32 {
        let m = s.len();
        let n = p.len();
        let s = s.as_bytes();
        let p = p.as_bytes();

        let check = |k| {
            let mut i = 0;
            let mut j = 0;
            let ids: HashSet<i32> = removable[..k].iter().cloned().collect();
            while i < m && j < n {
                if !ids.contains(&(i as i32)) && s[i] == p[j] {
                    j += 1;
                }
                i += 1;
            }
            j == n
        };

        let mut left = 0;
        let mut right = removable.len();
        while left + 1 < right {
            let mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
            if check(mid) {
                left = mid;
            } else {
                right = mid;
            }
        }

        if check(right) {
            return right as i32;
        }
        left as i32
    }
}

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