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Formatted question description: https://leetcode.ca/all/1536.html

1536. Minimum Swaps to Arrange a Binary Grid (Medium)

Given an n x n binary grid, in one step you can choose two adjacent rows of the grid and swap them.

A grid is said to be valid if all the cells above the main diagonal are zeros.

Return the minimum number of steps needed to make the grid valid, or -1 if the grid cannot be valid.

The main diagonal of a grid is the diagonal that starts at cell (1, 1) and ends at cell (n, n).

 

Example 1:

Input: grid = [[0,0,1],[1,1,0],[1,0,0]]
Output: 3

Example 2:

Input: grid = [[0,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0],[0,1,1,0]]
Output: -1
Explanation: All rows are similar, swaps have no effect on the grid.

Example 3:

Input: grid = [[1,0,0],[1,1,0],[1,1,1]]
Output: 0

 

Constraints:

  • n == grid.length
  • n == grid[i].length
  • 1 <= n <= 200
  • grid[i][j] is 0 or 1

Related Topics:
Greedy

Solution 1.

First store the max index of the 1 in each row into a vector<int> v.

Then we can from the first item to the last item in v:

  • if v[i] <= i, this row is good. Skip
  • Otherwise, we find the minimal j (i + 1 < j < N) that satisfies v[j] <= i.
    • If we can’t find it, no row can be placed at this i-th row. Return -1.
    • Otherwise, we move v[j] to v[i] and the v[k] (i <= k < j) are moved downwards. And we add j - i steps of swaps to the answer.
// https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-swaps-to-arrange-a-binary-grid/
// Time: O(N^2)
// Space: O(N)
class Solution {
public:
    int minSwaps(vector<vector<int>>& G) {
        int N = G.size(), ans = 0;
        vector<int> v(N);
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            int len = 0;
            for (int j = N - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
                if (G[i][j] == 0) continue;
                len = j + 1;
                break;
            }
            v[i] = len;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            if (v[i] <= i + 1) continue;
            int j = i + 1;
            while (j < N && v[j] > i + 1) ++j; 
            if (j == N) return -1; 
            int tmp = v[j];
            for (int k = j; k > i; --k) v[k] = v[k - 1];
            v[i] = tmp;
            ans += j - i;
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

  • class Solution {
    public int minSwaps(int[][] grid) {
        int side = grid.length;
        int[] zerosCounts = new int[side];
        for (int i = 0; i < side; i++) {
            int[] row = grid[i];
            int zerosCount = 0;
            for (int j = side - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
                if (row[j] == 0)
                    zerosCount++;
                else
                    break;
            }
            zerosCounts[i] = zerosCount;
        }
        int swaps = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < side; i++) {
            int minZeros = side - i - 1;
            if (zerosCounts[i] < minZeros) {
                int firstRowIndex = -1;
                for (int j = i + 1; j < side; j++) {
                    if (zerosCounts[j] >= minZeros) {
                        firstRowIndex = j;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (firstRowIndex < 0)
                    return -1;
                for (int j = firstRowIndex; j > i; j--) {
                    swaps++;
                    int temp = zerosCounts[j];
                    zerosCounts[j] = zerosCounts[j - 1];
                    zerosCounts[j - 1] = temp;
                }
            }
        }
        return swaps;
    }
}

  • // https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-swaps-to-arrange-a-binary-grid/
// Time: O(N^2)
// Space: O(N)
class Solution {
public:
    int minSwaps(vector<vector<int>>& G) {
        int N = G.size(), ans = 0;
        vector<int> v(N);
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            int len = 0;
            for (int j = N - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
                if (G[i][j] == 0) continue;
                len = j + 1;
                break;
            }
            v[i] = len;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            if (v[i] <= i + 1) continue;
            int j = i + 1;
            while (j < N && v[j] > i + 1) ++j; 
            if (j == N) return -1; 
            int tmp = v[j];
            for (int k = j; k > i; --k) v[k] = v[k - 1];
            v[i] = tmp;
            ans += j - i;
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

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