Question

Formatted question description: https://leetcode.ca/all/1412.html

1412. Find the Quiet Students in All Exams

SQL Schema

Table: Student

+---------------------+---------+
| Column Name         | Type    |
+---------------------+---------+
| student_id          | int     |
| student_name        | varchar |
+---------------------+---------+
student_id is the primary key for this table.
student_name is the name of the student.


Table: Exam

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| exam_id       | int     |
| student_id    | int     |
| score         | int     |
+---------------+---------+
(exam_id, student_id) is the primary key for this table.
Student with student_id got score points in exam with id exam_id.


A "quite" student is the one who took at least one exam and didn't score neither the high score nor the low score.

Write an SQL query to report the students (student_id, student_name) being "quiet" in ALL exams.

Don't return the student who has never taken any exam. Return the result table ordered by student_id.

The query result format is in the following example.



Student table:
+-------------+---------------+
| student_id  | student_name  |
+-------------+---------------+
| 1           | Daniel        |
| 2           | Jade          |
| 3           | Stella        |
| 4           | Jonathan      |
| 5           | Will          |
+-------------+---------------+

Exam table:
+------------+--------------+-----------+
| exam_id    | student_id   | score     |
+------------+--------------+-----------+
| 10         |     1        |    70     |
| 10         |     2        |    80     |
| 10         |     3        |    90     |
| 20         |     1        |    80     |
| 30         |     1        |    70     |
| 30         |     3        |    80     |
| 30         |     4        |    90     |
| 40         |     1        |    60     |
| 40         |     2        |    70     |
| 40         |     4        |    80     |
+------------+--------------+-----------+

Result table:
+-------------+---------------+
| student_id  | student_name  |
+-------------+---------------+
| 2           | Jade          |
+-------------+---------------+

For exam 1: Student 1 and 3 hold the lowest and high score respectively.
For exam 2: Student 1 hold both highest and lowest score.
For exam 3 and 4: Studnet 1 and 4 hold the lowest and high score respectively.
Student 2 and 5 have never got the highest or lowest in any of the exam.
Since student 5 is not taking any exam, he is excluded from the result.
So, we only return the information of Student 2.

Algorithm

MySQL ON vs USING?

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11366006/mysql-on-vs-using

It is mostly syntactic sugar, but a couple differences are noteworthy:

• ON is the more general of the two. One can join tables ON a column, a set of columns and even a condition.
• USING is useful when both tables share a column of the exact same name on which they join.

Code

SQL

select student_id, student_name
from
(
    select distinct student_id
    from Exam
    where student_id not in
    (
        select distinct student_id
        from Exam e left join
        (	-- highest and lowest scores
            select exam_id, max(score) maxs, min(score) mins
            from Exam
            group by exam_id
        ) t
        using(exam_id)
        where score = maxs or score = mins
        -- student with the highest or lowest score
    )
) t
left join Student
using(student_id)
order by student_id

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