Question

Formatted question description: https://leetcode.ca/all/240.html

Write an efficient algorithm that searches for a value target in an m x n integer matrix matrix. This matrix has the following properties:

Integers in each row are sorted in ascending from left to right.
Integers in each column are sorted in ascending from top to bottom.

Example 1:

Input: matrix = [[1,4,7,11,15],[2,5,8,12,19],[3,6,9,16,22],[10,13,14,17,24],[18,21,23,26,30]], target = 5
Output: true

Example 2:

Input: matrix = [[1,4,7,11,15],[2,5,8,12,19],[3,6,9,16,22],[10,13,14,17,24],[18,21,23,26,30]], target = 20
Output: false

Constraints:

m == matrix.length
n == matrix[i].length
1 <= n, m <= 300
-10⁹ <= matrix[i][j] <= 10⁹
All the integers in each row are sorted in ascending order.
All the integers in each column are sorted in ascending order.
-10⁹ <= target <= 10⁹

Algorithm

It is an extension of the previous 74. Search a 2D Matrix.

74. Search a 2D Matrix is that the first number of each line is greater than the last number of the previous line. So for that question, you can expand the two-dimensional array into a one-bit array with a two-check search.

And this question has two unique numbers, the lower left corner and the upper right corner. The 18 in the lower left corner of above example, all the numbers going up become smaller, and all the numbers going to the right increase, then we can compare with the target number,

If the number of targets is large, search to the right,
If the target number is small, search upwards.

In this way, it can be judged whether the target number exists. Of course, we can also put the starting number in the upper right corner, search left and down, and set the stop condition correctly.

valid in Search_a_2D_Matrix, but not in II

{1, 4, 7, 11, 15},
{2, 5, 8, 12, 19},

Please refer to this comment, which is awesome https://leetcode.com/problems/search-a-2d-matrix-ii/discuss/66140/My-concise-O(m+n)-Java-solution/68155 .

Code

public class Search_a_2D_Matrix_II {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Search_a_2D_Matrix_II out = new Search_a_2D_Matrix_II();
        Solution s = out.new Solution();

        System.out.println(s.searchMatrix(
            new int[][]{
                {1, 4, 7, 11, 15},
                {2, 5, 8, 12, 19},
                {3, 6, 9, 16, 22},
                {10, 13, 14, 17, 24},
                {18, 21, 23, 26, 30}
            },
            5
        ));
    }

    /*
        valid in Search_a_2D_Matrix, but not in II
                {1, 4, 7, 11, 15},
                {2, 5, 8, 12, 19},

     */
    class Solution {
        public boolean searchMatrix(int[][] matrix, int target) {

            if (matrix == null || matrix.length == 0 || matrix[0].length == 0) {
                return false;
            }

            int row = matrix.length;
            int col = matrix[0].length;

            int i = 0;
            int j = col - 1;

            while (i < row && j >= 0) {
                int val = matrix[i][j];

                if (val == target) {
                    return true;
                } else if (target < val) {
                    j--; // all numbers in that column are even larger
                } else {
                    i++; // all numbers in that row are even smaller
                }
            }

            return false;
        }
    }
}

############

class Solution {
    public boolean searchMatrix(int[][] matrix, int target) {
        int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
        int i = m - 1, j = 0;
        while (i >= 0 && j < n) {
            if (matrix[i][j] == target) {
                return true;
            }
            if (matrix[i][j] > target) {
                --i;
            } else {
                ++j;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

// OJ: https://leetcode.com/problems/search-a-2d-matrix-ii/
// Time: O(M + N)
// Space: O(1)
class Solution {
public:
    bool searchMatrix(vector<vector<int>>& A, int target) {
        int M = A.size(), N = A[0].size(), i = 0, j = N - 1;
        while (i < M && j >= 0) {
            if (A[i][j] == target) return true;
            if (A[i][j] < target) ++i; 
            else --j;
        }
        return false;
    }
};

# start from top-right corner
class Solution:
    def searchMatrix(self, matrix: List[List[int]], target: int) -> bool:
        if not matrix or not matrix[0]:
            return False
        
        row, col = len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
        i, j = 0, col - 1
        
        while i < row and j >= 0:
            val = matrix[i][j]
            if val == target:
                return True
            elif target < val:
                j -= 1  # all numbers in that column are even larger
            else:
                i += 1  # all numbers in that row are even smaller
        
        return False

# start from bottom-left corner
class Solution:
    def searchMatrix(self, matrix: List[List[int]], target: int) -> bool:
        m, n = len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
        i, j = m - 1, 0
        while i >= 0 and j < n:
            if matrix[i][j] == target:
                return True
            if matrix[i][j] > target:
                i -= 1
            else:
                j += 1
        return False

############

class Solution(object):
  def searchMatrix(self, matrix, target):
    """
    :type matrix: List[List[int]]
    :type target: int
    :rtype: bool
    """

    def binarySearch(nums, target):
      start, end = 0, len(nums) - 1
      while start + 1 < end:
        mid = start + (end - start) / 2
        if nums[mid] > target:
          end = mid
        elif nums[mid] < target:
          start = mid
        else:
          return True
      if nums[start] == target:
        return True
      if nums[end] == target:
        return True
      return False

    for nums in matrix:
      if binarySearch(nums, target):
        return True
    return False

func searchMatrix(matrix [][]int, target int) bool {
	m, n := len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
	i, j := m-1, 0
	for i >= 0 && j < n {
		if matrix[i][j] == target {
			return true
		}
		if matrix[i][j] > target {
			i--
		} else {
			j++
		}
	}
	return false
}

function searchMatrix(matrix: number[][], target: number): boolean {
    let m = matrix.length,
        n = matrix[0].length;
    let i = m - 1,
        j = 0;
    while (i >= 0 && j < n) {
        let cur = matrix[i][j];
        if (cur == target) return true;
        if (cur > target) {
            --i;
        } else {
            ++j;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

/**
 * @param {number[][]} matrix
 * @param {number} target
 * @return {boolean}
 */
var searchMatrix = function (matrix, target) {
    const n = matrix[0].length;
    for (const row of matrix) {
        let left = 0,
            right = n;
        while (left < right) {
            const mid = (left + right) >> 1;
            if (row[mid] >= target) {
                right = mid;
            } else {
                left = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        if (left != n && row[left] == target) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
};

public class Solution {
    public bool SearchMatrix(int[][] matrix, int target) {
        int m = matrix.Length, n = matrix[0].Length;
        int i = m - 1, j = 0;
        while (i >= 0 && j < n)
        {
            if (matrix[i][j] == target)
            {
                return true;
            }
            if (matrix[i][j] > target)
            {
                --i;
            }
            else
            {
                ++j;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

use std::cmp::Ordering;

impl Solution {
    pub fn search_matrix(matrix: Vec<Vec<i32>>, target: i32) -> bool {
        let m = matrix.len();
        let n = matrix[0].len();
        let mut i = 0;
        let mut j = n;
        while i < m && j > 0 {
            match target.cmp(&matrix[i][j - 1]) {
                Ordering::Less => j -= 1,
                Ordering::Greater => i += 1,
                Ordering::Equal => return true,
            }
        }
        false
    }
}

240 - Search a 2D Matrix II

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